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br Substoichiometric substrate modification E ligases cataly
2021-07-29

Substoichiometric substrate modification E3 ligases catalyze the rapid transfer of the SUMOD from the E2 enzyme to the substrate. By definition, enzymes are recycled in the reaction, allowing multiple rounds of substrate modification by a single enzyme. Thus, enzymes function at substoichiometric
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Social interaction is known to be the main
2021-07-29

Social interaction is known to be the main source of stress in human beings (Dickerson and Kemeny, 2004, Tamashiro et al., 2005). An animal model of social stress should closely mimic real-life situations in human life (Neisewander et al., 2012); in this context, social defeat in an agonistic encoun
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VEGF inhibition causes vascular regression and
2021-07-29

VEGF inhibition causes vascular regression and tissue hypoxia in tumor tissues and their surrounding healthy adipose tissues. In this regard, tumors in steatotic livers and adjacent to adipose tissues would experience more hypoxia than non-adipose tumors. Indeed, our present experimental results sup
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Multiple lines of evidence now indicate that
2021-07-29

Multiple lines of evidence now indicate that mitochondrial decay is a fundamental factor that leads to alterations in energy metabolism in the aged heart (Hagen et al., 2002, Judge and Leeuwenburgh, 2007, Lesnefsky et al., 2001c). Nevertheless, the exact biochemical events that cause such an alterat
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Other mutations in the SYNE region
2021-07-29

Other mutations in the SYNE1 3′ region (exons 81–85) have been implicated in an upper motor neuron disease, ARCA1 (Gros-Louis et al., 2007). The disease is characterized by progressive movement, coordination, and balance problems caused by disrupted Purkinje cell function and their impaired signalin
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Mass spectrometry has previously been
2021-07-29

Mass spectrometry has previously been used to examine the presence of Hyp in recombinant collagen, using hydrolysates to identify the individual imino acid, equivalent to an amino mimosine receptor analysis [33], and also by analysis of mass changes to tryptic peptides [34]. The present study, howe
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br Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer in
2021-07-28

Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, “wild-type” estrogen receptor), encoded by the estrogen receptor1 (ESR1) gene, is expressed in approximately 70% of all breast cancers. Hormonal therapy h
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A French cohort study reported that micronized progesterone
2021-07-28

A French cohort study reported that micronized progesterone or didrogesterone used with oral or percutaneous estradiol showed no increase or decrease in the risk of breast cancer compared to synthetic progestins for at least 4 years of treatment [22] and even after 8 years [23]. Although the results
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Prostanoids typically act in an autocrine
2021-07-28

Prostanoids typically act in an autocrine and paracrine fashion by binding to specific receptors in target E7046 and there is evidence that both PGE2 and prostacyclin may be required for the optimal activation of angiogenesis (Hata and Breyer, 2004). PGE2 and prostacyclin bind to their specific 7-m
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There are conflicting studies on ET axis and
2021-07-28

There are conflicting studies on ET axis and its relationship with clinicopathologic parameters in various cancers. Endothelin axis expression in the tissue and in blood has been associated with advanced cancer characteristics in colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer, while showing no linkage to c
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br Cytokine impact on ILC fate
2021-07-28

Cytokine impact on ILC fate Increasing evidence shows that ILC2 and ILC3 may convert into ILC1-like sb202190 by downregulating either GATA3 or RORγt, respectively, upregulating T-bet and gaining the capacity for IFN-γ production [60,61]. This process, often referred to as ‘ILC plasticity’, may be
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The Inhibitor of APoptosis IAP proteins were first identifie
2021-07-28

The Inhibitor of APoptosis (IAP) proteins were first identified as gene products of baculovirus that inhibited apoptosis of infected insect nisoldipine (Clem et al., 1991, Crook et al., 1993). Subsequently, the mammalian IAP family was identified (Rothe et al., 1995, Uren et al., 1996). All members
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br Conclusion As far as we know this
2021-07-28

Conclusion As far as we know, this work constituted the first use of silver nitrate staining and sequential FISH in V. vinifera. This technique allowed the unequivocal identification of Ag-NORs and corresponding rDNA loci. Besides, silver nitrate staining and sequential FISH may bring new insight
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br DAG kinase activity is confined to specific
2021-07-28

DAG kinase activity is confined to specific cell compartments A number of reports demonstrating agonist-dependent translocation of DGKs to distinct membrane compartments suggest that DGK activity is restricted to localized DAG pools generated after activation of receptors. Perhaps the best eviden
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Diacylglycerol kinase was one of the
2021-07-28

Diacylglycerol kinase was one of the hits identified from the RNAi screen. Diacylglycerol kinases are conserved across a pkd kinase of species with more complex, multicellular organisms possessing several DGKs with differing protein domains, expression patterns and functions [61], [62], [63]. Some
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